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CompTIA Network+ N10-009 - Domains 1 and 2 Fundamentals and Implementations

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Question 1

A company has a switch loop causing a broadcast storm. What protocol prevents switching loops while maintaining redundant paths?

Answer choices

  • A. VLAN (Virtual LAN)

  • B. STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) / RSTP (Correct)

  • C. LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol)

  • D. RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

Explanation

STP (802.1D) and RSTP (802.1w — Rapid STP) prevent Layer 2 loops by logically blocking redundant paths while maintaining them for failover. LACP (802.3ad) bundles multiple links into one logical link. VLANs segment broadcast domains but don't prevent loops.

Question 2

A network administrator wants to combine two 1-Gbps links between two switches into a single 2-Gbps logical link with redundancy. Which technology accomplishes this?

Answer choices

  • A. STP

  • B. VLAN trunking

  • C. LACP (Link Aggregation) / Port Channel / EtherChannel (Correct)

  • D. Port mirroring

Explanation

LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol, 802.3ad) creates port channels/EtherChannels by bundling multiple physical links into one logical link, increasing bandwidth and providing redundancy. If one link fails, traffic continues on the remaining links.

Question 3

A network administrator uses a sniffer and sees ARP requests being sent from one workstation for every IP address on the subnet in sequence. What is MOST likely occurring?

Answer choices

  • A. Normal DHCP process

  • B. ARP poisoning/spoofing

  • C. Network reconnaissance or ARP scanning (possible network scanning/attack) (Correct)

  • D. Spanning tree convergence

Explanation

Sequential ARP requests for all IPs on a subnet is characteristic of a network scanner performing ARP scan/host discovery (e.g., nmap -sn, arp-scan). It may indicate authorized IT scanning or an attacker performing reconnaissance to discover active hosts.

Question 4

Which wireless standard is also known as "Wi-Fi 6" and introduces OFDMA and Target Wake Time (TWT) for improved efficiency?

Answer choices

  • A. 802.11ac

  • B. 802.11ax (Correct)

  • C. 802.11n

  • D. 802.11ad

Explanation

802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6, released 2019) introduces OFDMA (for better multi-user efficiency), MU-MIMO, BSS Coloring (reduce inter-BSS interference), and TWT (Target Wake Time, improves IoT device battery life). Wi-Fi 6E extends to 6 GHz band.

Question 5

A network administrator configures a router with a static route: `ip route 10.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.1.1`. What does the IP address 192.168.1.1 represent in this command?

Answer choices

  • A. The destination network

  • B. The subnet mask

  • C. The next-hop router or gateway IP address (Correct)

  • D. The source interface

Explanation

In the `ip route [destination] [mask] [next-hop or exit-interface]` syntax, 192.168.1.1 is the next-hop router's IP address. Traffic destined for the 10.20.0.0/16 network will be forwarded to 192.168.1.1, which will route it further.